Exercise Question Answers-Chapter Confronting Marginalisation-Class 8 Social Science
1. List two Fundamental Rights in the Constitution that Dalits can draw upon to insist that they be treated with dignity and as equals.
- Right to Equality (Article 15): This right ensures that no one can be discriminated against based on their caste, religion, gender, or place of birth.
- Right to Protection from Untouchability (Article 17): This abolishes untouchability and declares it illegal, ensuring Dalits are treated with respect and dignity.
2. List one reason why Rathnam used the 1989 Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act to file a complaint.
- Rathnam used this law because it specifically protects Dalits from unfair treatment, humiliation, and violence. It punishes those who discriminate or harm Dalits, which is what Rathnam faced when his hut was burned and he was ostracized.
3. Why do Adivasi activists, including C.K. Janu, believe that Adivasis can also use the 1989 Act to fight against dispossession?
- Adivasis can use this Act because it protects them from losing their land and resources to others. The law states that land owned by tribal people cannot be taken away by non-tribal people, and if it is, they have the right to get it back.
4. Why did the Safai Karamchari Andolan file a PIL (Public Interest Litigation) in 2003?
- They filed a PIL to complain that manual scavenging still existed even after being banned in 1993. They demanded that the government take stronger action to stop this practice and protect the rights of manual scavengers.
5. What did the Supreme Court do on hearing their case in 2005?
- The Supreme Court ordered all government departments to check if manual scavenging was still happening and, if it was, to stop it immediately. It also told the government to create a plan to rehabilitate manual scavengers.
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