MCQs-Democratic Politics-II-Class X-Social Science -

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Important MCQs-Democratic Politics-II-Class 10-Subject-Social Science

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Democratic Politics-II

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Democratic Politics-II

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Multiple Choice Questions(Democratic Politics-II)

Class-10 Subject-Social Science

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Power Sharing

1-10: General Understanding of Power Sharing

What is the meaning of ‘power sharing’ in democracy?
- (a) Distribution of power among people
- (b) Centralization of power in one body
- (c) Distribution of power among different organs or levels of government
- (d) None of the above
  Answer: (c)
Which principle is the basis of democracy?
- (a) Concentration of power (b) Power is shared among people and institutions
- (c) A single leader should decide for the people (d) Power resides in the military
  Answer: (b)
What is ‘horizontal power sharing’?
- (a) Sharing of power between different organs of government
- (b) Sharing of power between governments at different levels
- (c) Sharing of power among social groups
- (d) Sharing of power between political parties
  Answer: (a)
What is ‘vertical power sharing’?
- (a) Distribution of power among different communities
- (b) Power shared at different levels of government
- (c) Power-sharing between political parties
- (d) None of the above
  Answer: (b)
In modern democracies, power is shared among which of the following?
- (a) Different organs of government (b) Different levels of government
- (c) Different social groups and political parties (d) All of the above
  Answer: (d)
What is the primary goal of power sharing in a democracy?
- (a) To ensure quick decision-making (b) To reduce conflict and maintain unity
- (c) To increase dominance of one group (d) To centralize authority
  Answer: (b)
Which country has a federal division of power as part of its Constitution?
- (a) Belgium (b) Sri Lanka (c) India (d) Both (a) and (c)
  Answer: (d)
What does ‘prudential reason’ for power sharing emphasize?
- (a) Better outcomes from sharing power (b) Sharing power undermines unity
- (c) Sharing power is inherently valuable (d) None of the above
  Answer: (a)
What are ‘moral reasons’ for power sharing?
- (a) Emphasis on practicality of power sharing
- (b) Power sharing is based on democratic principles
- (c) Power should only be in the majority’s hands
- (d) None of the above
  Answer: (b)
What does ‘checks and balances’ in democracy refer to?
- (a) All organs of government are independent
- (b) One organ controls all power
- (c) Each organ checks the other’s power to maintain balance
- (d) A president ensures complete control
  Answer: (c)

11-20: Power Sharing in Belgium

What percentage of Belgium’s population speaks Dutch?
- (a) 40% (b) 59% (c) 80% (d) 1%
  Answer: (b)
Which language is spoken by the majority in Brussels?
- (a) Dutch (b) German (c) French (d) None of the above
  Answer: (c)
What was the key issue in Belgium’s power-sharing arrangement?
- (a) Unequal representation in central government
- (b) Economic inequality between linguistic groups
- (c) Cultural and linguistic diversity
- (d) All of the above
  Answer: (d)
What is a ‘community government’ in Belgium?
- (a) Federal government (b) Government elected by one linguistic community
- (c) Unitary government (d) Coalition government
  Answer: (b)
What is the purpose of Belgium’s community government?
- (a) Address issues related to language and culture (b) Control economic policies
- (c) Concentrate power in one group (d) None of the above
  Answer: (a)
What helped Belgium avoid a civil war?
- (a) Majoritarian policies (b) Equal representation and power-sharing arrangements
- (c) Economic disparity (d) Dominance of the Dutch-speaking community
  Answer: (b)
How many constitutional amendments were made in Belgium between 1970 and 1993?
- (a) Two (b) Three (c) Four (d) Five
  Answer: (c)
Which institution has equal representation of Dutch and French speakers in Belgium?
- (a) Judiciary (b) Central government (c) Military (d) Executive council
  Answer: (b)
What was a unique feature of Brussels’ government?
- (a) Dutch-speaking majority (b) French dominance
- (c) Equal representation of both linguistic groups (d) Exclusion of German-speaking people
  Answer: (c)
Why was Brussels chosen as the European Union’s headquarters?
- (a) Linguistic harmony achieved through power sharing (b) It is a French-speaking city
- (c) Economic stability (d) None of the above
  Answer: (a)

21-30: Majoritarianism in Sri Lanka

What is majoritarianism?
- (a) A belief in sharing power among all communities
- (b) The belief that the majority community can rule in any way it wants
- (c) Power-sharing based on equality
- (d) Rule by a minority group
  Answer: (b)
Which community forms the majority in Sri Lanka?
- (a) Tamil-speaking (b) Sinhala-speaking (c) Muslim (d) Christian
  Answer: (b)
What percentage of Sri Lanka’s population is Tamil-speaking?
- (a) 10% (b) 18% (c) 20% (d) 30%
  Answer: (b)
What was declared the only official language of Sri Lanka in 1956?
- (a) English (b) Tamil (c) Sinhala (d) French
  Answer: (c)
What constitutional measure was taken to protect Buddhism in Sri Lanka?
- (a) Buddhism was declared the state religion (b) State was responsible for fostering Buddhism
- (c) Tamil was banned as a religion (d) None of the above
  Answer: (b)
What was the response of Sri Lankan Tamils to majoritarian measures?
- (a) Peaceful acceptance (b) Civil war and demands for autonomy
- (c) Emigration to India (d) Alliance with Sinhala leaders
  Answer: (b)
What was the Tamil demand during the Sri Lankan conflict?
- (a) Equality in education and jobs (b) Recognition of Tamil as an official language
- (c) Regional autonomy (d) All of the above
  Answer: (d)
What was the result of the civil war in Sri Lanka?
- (a) Economic growth (b) Peaceful coexistence
- (c) Setback to social and economic life (d) Division of the country
  Answer: (c)
When did the civil war in Sri Lanka end?
- (a) 1995 (b) 2000 (c) 2005 (d) 2009
  Answer: (d)
Which type of power-sharing was ignored in Sri Lanka?
- (a) Horizontal (b) Vertical (c) Social groups (d) Community government
  Answer: (b)

31-40: Accommodation in Belgium

How did Belgian leaders respond to linguistic and cultural differences?
- (a) By suppressing minority groups (b) By adopting power-sharing arrangements
- (c) By encouraging the Dutch-speaking majority to dominate (d) By rejecting federalism
  Answer: (b)
In Belgium, what is required for certain special laws to be passed?
- (a) Approval by the King (b) Majority support from each linguistic group
- (c) Unanimous support of all ministers (d) None of the above
  Answer: (b)
What powers were given to state governments in Belgium?
- (a) Education and language only
- (b) Subordinate to the central government
- (c) Independent powers that are not subordinate to the center
- (d) No powers were given
  Answer: (c)
What kind of government exists in Brussels?
- (a) Unitary (b) Federal
- (c) A government with equal representation of linguistic groups (d) Dictatorial
  Answer: (c)
What type of government was introduced for specific communities in Belgium?
- (a) Federal (b) Community government (c) Dictatorship (d) Presidential system
  Answer: (b)
What issues does Belgium’s community government handle?
- (a) Defense and foreign affairs (b) Cultural, educational, and language-related issues
- (c) Health and transportation (d) Economic policies
  Answer: (b)
Why is the Belgian model described as innovative?
- (a) It centralizes all power (b) It is simple and easy to implement
- (c) It provides a unique way to avoid civic strife (d) It eliminates regional governments
  Answer: (c)
What prevented a division of Belgium on linguistic lines?
- (a) Majoritarian rule
- (b) Equal representation and constitutional amendments
- (c) Suppression of the German-speaking community
- (d) Imposing Dutch as the only language
  Answer: (b)
Which city was chosen as the headquarters of the European Union?
- (a) Paris (b) Berlin (c) Brussels (d) Amsterdam
  Answer: (c)
What does the Belgian story teach us about power sharing?
- (a) Dominance by one group ensures peace
- (b) Power-sharing is necessary for unity in diversity
- (c) Suppressing minorities is effective
- (d) None of the above
  Answer: (b)

41-50: Why Power Sharing is Desirable

What are prudential reasons for power sharing?
- (a) Moral obligation to share power (b) Prevents conflict and political instability
- (c) Quick decision-making (d) Ensures dominance of one group
  Answer: (b)
What is the moral reason for power sharing?
- (a) Power sharing ensures better outcomes (b) It is the spirit of democracy
- (c) It centralize authority (d) It delays decision-making
  Answer: (b)
What is the key principle of democracy?
- (a) Concentration of power (b) Decentralization and respect for diversity
- (c) Dominance of the majority (d) Ignoring minority rights
  Answer: (b)
What does the system of checks and balances ensure?
- (a) Efficient concentration of power (b) Accountability and limited power for each organ
- (c) Dominance of judiciary (d) None of the above
  Answer: (b)
Why is power sharing considered beneficial?
- (a) Reduces conflict (b) Enhances stability
- (c) Promotes people’s participation (d) All of the above
  Answer: (d)
What does the example of Lebanon highlight?
- (a) Need for regular democracy (b) Importance of respecting power-sharing agreements
- (c) Successful majoritarianism (d) None of the above
  Answer: (b)
What happens when power-sharing is ignored?
- (a) Unity strengthens (b) Conflict and disintegration
- (c) Greater administrative efficiency (d) None of the above
  Answer: (b)
What type of division of power is seen in federal systems like India?
- (a) Horizontal (b) Vertical (c) Cultural (d) None of the above
  Answer: (b)
How does competition among political parties contribute to power sharing?
- (a) Prevents concentration of power (b) Excludes minority representation
- (c) Ensures dominance of ruling party (d) None of the above
  Answer: (a)
What lessons do Belgium and Sri Lanka provide?
- (a) Power sharing strengthens unity in diversity (b) Majoritarianism ensures peace
- (c) Ignoring diversity strengthens nations (d) None of the above
  Answer: (a)

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Federalism

What is Federalism?

What is federalism?
- (a) A system where power is concentrated in the central government
- (b) A system where power is divided between a central authority and various constituent units
- (c) A form of government based on monarchy
- (d) None of the above
  Answer: (b)
How many countries in the world have federal political systems?
- (a) 25 (b) 50 (c) 100 (d) 193
  Answer: (a)
What percentage of the world’s population lives under federal systems?
- (a) 10% (b) 20% (c) 40% (d) 60%
  Answer: (c)
What type of government does Sri Lanka follow?
- (a) Federal (b) Unitary (c) Parliamentary (d) Presidential
  Answer: (b)

Key Features of Federalism

Which of the following is a feature of federalism?
- (a) Centralized power structure (b) Constitutionally guaranteed distribution of powers
- (c) Absence of financial autonomy (d) No judicial involvement
  Answer: (b)
Which organ acts as an umpire in disputes between different levels of government?
- (a) Executive (b) Judiciary (c) Legislature (d) Parliament
  Answer: (b)
In a federal system, which level of government handles defense and foreign affairs?
- (a) State (b) Union (c) Local (d) Judiciary
  Answer: (b)

Types of Federalism

What is a ‘coming together’ federation?
- (a) A large country deciding to divide power between central and regional governments
- (b) Independent states voluntarily uniting to form a federation
- (c) A federation formed by coercion
- (d) None of the above
  Answer: (b)
Which of the following countries is an example of a ‘holding together’ federation?
- (a) USA (b) Switzerland (c) India (d) Australia
  Answer: (c)
Which country shifted from a unitary to a federal system in 1993?
- (a) Sri Lanka (b) Belgium (c) Germany (d) Canada
  Answer: (b)

Federalism in India

What type of federation is India?
- (a) Coming together (b) Holding together (c) Confederation (d) Unitary
  Answer: (b)
What are the three lists under the Indian Constitution?
- (a) Union List, State List, and Residual List
- (b) Union List, State List, and Concurrent List
- (c) Union List, Concurrent List, and Administrative List
- (d) State List, Concurrent List, and Executive List
  Answer: (b)
Which list contains subjects like police and agriculture?
- (a) Union List (b) State List (c) Concurrent List (d) Residuary List
  Answer: (b)
Who has the authority over residuary subjects in India?
- (a) Union Government (b) State Government
- (c) Local Government (d) Concurrently held by both Union and State
  Answer: (a)
Which article of the Indian Constitution grants special status to some states?
- (a) Article 356 (b) Article 371 (c) Article 14 (d) Article 370
  Answer: (b)

Decentralization and Local Governance

What does decentralization refer to?
- (a) Strengthening the central authority (b) Delegating powers to local levels of government
- (c) Abolishing state governments (d) None of the above
  Answer: (b)
When was the Panchayati Raj system constitutionally recognized?
- (a) 1975 (b) 1992 (c) 2000 (d) 2010
  Answer: (b)
Which tier of government manages local issues like sanitation and roads?
- (a) Union (b) State (c) Local (d) Judiciary
  Answer: (c)
What is the head of a Gram Panchayat called?
- (a) Mayor (b) Sarpanch (c) Collector (d) Chairman
  Answer: (b)
Which body supervises the Gram Panchayat?
- (a) Gram Sabha (b) State Government (c) Zila Parishad (d) Municipal Corporation
  Answer: (a)

Language Policy and Centre-State Relations

How many languages are included in the Eighth Schedule of the Indian Constitution?
- (a) 18 (b) 22 (c) 20 (d) 25
  Answer: (b)
What is India’s official language?
- (a) Hindi (b) English (c) Both Hindi and English (d) None of the above
  Answer: (c)
What led to the rise of coalition governments in India after 1990?
- (a) Linguistic States (b) Rise of regional parties
- (c) Unitary tendencies (d) Abolishment of state autonomy
  Answer: (b)
Who mediates disputes over the division of powers in India?
- (a) Prime Minister (b) Parliament (c) Supreme Court (d) State Legislature
  Answer: (c)

Federalism: Features and Types

Which of the following is not a feature of federalism?
- (a) Power is divided between multiple levels of government
- (b) Courts settle disputes between different levels of government
- (c) State governments depend entirely on the central government for revenue
- (d) Each level of government has its own jurisdiction
  Answer: (c)
In a unitary system of government:
- (a) Power is divided between multiple levels
- (b) Sub-units are subordinate to the central government
- (c) There is no central authority
- (d) Regional governments have equal power
  Answer: (b)
Which of the following is a ‘coming together’ federation?
- (a) India (b) Spain (c) USA (d) Belgium
  Answer: (c)
What is the main objective of a federal system?
- (a) To centralize decision-making
- (b) To promote the unity of the country while accommodating regional diversity
- (c) To abolish regional governments
- (d) To give complete autonomy to local governments
  Answer: (b)

Indian Federalism

India is described as a Union of States because:
- (a) States have the right to secede
- (b) States have no autonomy
- (c) The Constitution divides power between Union and State governments
- (d) India does not have a federal system
  Answer: (c)
Which of the following subjects falls under the Union List?
- (a) Agriculture (b) Police (c) Defense (d) Trade and Commerce
  Answer: (c)
Which of the following subjects falls under the State List?
- (a) Education (b) Agriculture (c) Banking (d) Communications
  Answer: (b)
The Concurrent List includes subjects like:
- (a) Police and defense (b) Education and marriage
- (c) Communications and trade (d) Agriculture and banking
  Answer: (b)
When a law made by the Union and State governments conflict, which law prevails?
- (a) State law (b) Union law
- (c) The law with majority support (d) The law passed first
  Answer: (b)
Which article of the Indian Constitution outlines residuary powers?
- (a) Article 356 (b) Article 370 (c) Article 248 (d) Article 371
  Answer: (c)
Which states enjoy special provisions under Article 371?
- (a) Assam, Nagaland, Mizoram, and Arunachal Pradesh (b) Punjab, Haryana, and Rajasthan
- (c) Maharashtra and Gujarat (d) Karnataka and Tamil Nadu
  Answer: (a)

Decentralization and Local Government

What is decentralization?
- (a) Consolidation of power at the Union level
- (b) Redistribution of power from central and state governments to local governments
- (c) Abolishment of state governments
- (d) Centralization of decision-making
  Answer: (b)
Which constitutional amendment recognized Panchayati Raj in India?
- (a) 42nd Amendment (b) 52nd Amendment
- (c) 73rd Amendment (d) 74th Amendment
  Answer: (c)
What is the lowest tier of rural local government?
- (a) Zila Parishad (b) Panchayat Samiti (c) Gram Panchayat (d) District Collector
  Answer: (c)
The head of a Gram Panchayat is called:
- (a) Mayor (b) Sarpanch (c) Zila Chairperson (d) Collector
  Answer: (b)
Which body is responsible for the direct election of local government representatives?
- (a) State Election Commission (b) Gram Sabha (c) Lok Sabha (d) Rajya Sabha
  Answer: (a)
Which level of government has jurisdiction over urban areas in India?
- (a) Panchayat Samiti (b) Municipalities and Municipal Corporations
- (c) Gram Panchayats (d) State Governments only
  Answer: (b)
What are the main responsibilities of Zila Parishads?
- (a) Managing national defense (b) Overseeing development work at the district level
- (c) Regulating foreign trade (d) Passing Union budgets
  Answer: (b)

Centre-State Relations

What led to the strengthening of federalism in India after 1990?
- (a) Emergence of coalition governments (b) Centralization of power
- (c) Dissolution of regional parties (d) Unitary tendencies
  Answer: (a)
Who decides disputes regarding the distribution of powers in India?
- (a) Parliament (b) Judiciary (c) Prime Minister (d) President
  Answer: (b)
Which government is responsible for legislating on residuary subjects in India?
- (a) State Government (b) Union Government
- (c) Concurrently shared (d) Local Government
  Answer: (b)

Language Policy

Which of the following is not a Scheduled Language in India?
- (a) Bodo (b) Dogri (c) Bhojpuri (d) Konkani
  Answer: (c)
What percentage of Indians consider Hindi their mother tongue?
- (a) 30% (b) 40% (c) 44% (d) 50%
  Answer: (c)
Which movement opposed the imposition of Hindi in non-Hindi-speaking states?
- (a) Telangana movement (b) Dravidian movement
- (c) Anti-Hindi agitation in Tamil Nadu (d) Assam Accord movement
  Answer: (c)

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Gender, Religion, and Caste

I. Gender and Politics

What is the sexual division of labor?
- (a) Equal sharing of work between men and women
- (b) All work inside the home done by women or managed by them
- (c) Work outside the home exclusively for women
- (d) Men taking over household chores
  Answer: (b)
What is patriarchy?
- (a) A system where men and women have equal roles
- (b) A system that values men more and gives them power over women
- (c) A system advocating women’s empowerment
- (d) None of the above
  Answer: (b)
Which law in India ensures equal wages for men and women?
- (a) Equal Pay Act, 1950 (b) Equal Remuneration Act, 1976
- (c) Gender Equality Act, 2001 (d) Women’s Rights Act, 1985
  Answer: (b)
What is the child sex ratio in India as per Census 2011?
- (a) 919 girls per 1000 boys (b) 850 girls per 1000 boys
- (c) 950 girls per 1000 boys (d) 920 girls per 1000 boys
  Answer: (a)
In which sector is one-third of seats reserved for women in India?
- (a) Lok Sabha (b) Panchayati Raj institutions (c) State Assemblies (d) Judiciary
  Answer: (b)
What percentage of seats in the Lok Sabha is reserved for women under the Women’s Reservation Act, 2023?
- (a) 33% (b) 25% (c) 50% (d) 40%
  Answer: (a)
Which region has the highest percentage of women in national parliaments globally?
- (a) Asia (b) Americas (c) Nordic countries (d) Sub-Saharan Africa
  Answer: (c)

II. Religion and Communalism

What did Gandhi ji mean by saying “religion cannot be separated from politics”?
- (a) Religious dominance in politics (b) Politics guided by ethics drawn from religion
- (c) Establishing a state religion (d) Religion being the basis for laws
  Answer: (b)
What is communalism?
- (a) Harmony among communities (b) Religion being the sole basis of social community
- (c) Equal rights for all religions (d) Celebration of diversity
  Answer: (b)
What is not a feature of communalism?
- (a) Belief in the superiority of one religion (b) Political mobilization on religious lines
- (c) Treating every religion equally (d) Communal riots and violence
  Answer: (c)
What kind of state does India have?
- (a) Religious state (b) Secular state (c) Communalist state (d) Unitary state
  Answer: (b)
Which of these does the Indian Constitution prohibit?
- (a) Freedom to propagate any religion (b) Discrimination on the grounds of religion
- (c) The right to profess any religion (d) The right not to follow any religion
  Answer: (b)
What was the primary challenge faced by the framers of the Indian Constitution concerning religion?
- (a) Establishing a national religion (b) Combating communalism
- (c) Promoting only Hinduism (d) Eliminating secularism
  Answer: (b)
Which constitutional article guarantees freedom of religion in India?
- (a) Article 14 (b) Article 25 (c) Article 32 (d) Article 19
  Answer: (b)

III. Caste and Politics

What is unique about caste divisions in India?
- (a) Based on economic status (b) Hereditary occupational division sanctioned by rituals
- (c) Found in all societies (d) None of the above
  Answer: (b)
What does the term ‘untouchability’ signify?
- (a) Respect for all castes (b) Exclusion of certain caste groups
- (c) Equal treatment of all communities (d) None of the above
  Answer: (b)
What percentage of India’s population was Scheduled Castes in 2011?
- (a) 8.6% (b) 16.6% (c) 20% (d) 12.5%
  Answer: (b)
What is occupational mobility?
- (a) Movement from one caste to another (b) Shift from one occupation to another
- (c) Permanent restriction to traditional jobs (d) None of the above
  Answer: (b)
Which term refers to groups listed in the Indian Constitution for affirmative action?
- (a) Reserved Tribes (b) Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes
- (c) Upper Castes (d) OBCs only
  Answer: (b)
What is a caste hierarchy?
- (a) A list of professions (b) A ladder-like social structure based on caste
- (c) A ranking of religions (d) An equal social system
  Answer: (b)

IV. Gender, Religion, and Caste in Democracy

What is a universal adult franchise?
- (a) Voting rights only for men
- (b) Voting rights for all adults irrespective of caste, gender, or religion
- (c) Voting rights based on property ownership (d) None of the above
  Answer: (b)
Which group benefits from caste-based reservation in education and jobs?
- (a) Forward Castes (b) Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes
- (c) Only women (d) Religious minorities
  Answer: (b)
Why is women’s political representation significant?
- (a) To dominate men in politics (b) To ensure attention to women’s issues
- (c) To increase communalism (d) None of the above
  Answer: (b)
What type of democracy is enhanced by recognizing social diversity?
- (a) Autocracy (b) Inclusive democracy (c) Unitary government (d) Military rule
  Answer: (b)
What principle counters caste and gender inequalities in elections?
- (a) Secularism (b) One-person-one-vote (c) Monarchy (d) None of the above
  Answer: (b)

Statement-type MCQs

Statement: Patriarchy is a system that values men more and gives them power over women.
- (a) True (b) False
  Answer: (a)
Statement: Communalism promotes equal rights for all religions.
- (a) True (b) False
  Answer: (b)
Statement: The child sex ratio in India, according to the 2011 Census, is 919 girls per 1000 boys.
- (a) True (b) False
  Answer: (a)
Statement: Caste-based inequalities have completely disappeared in contemporary India.
- (a) True (b) False
  Answer: (b)
Statement: Secularism in India means that the state has no official religion and treats all religions equally.
- (a) True (b) False
  Answer: (a)
Statement: The Women’s Reservation Act, 2023, reserves one-third of seats in Lok Sabha and State Assemblies for women.
- (a) True (b) False
  Answer: (a)
Statement: Urban areas in India have become entirely safe for women in recent years.
- (a) True (b) False
  Answer: (b)
Statement: The term ‘communalism’ implies that religion should be the principal basis of the nation.
- (a) True (b) False
  Answer: (a)
Statement: Universal adult franchise ensures that all adults, regardless of caste, gender, or religion, have the right to vote.
- (a) True (b) False
  Answer: (a)
Statement: Caste continues to influence political decisions like candidate selection and voting patterns in India.
- (a) True (b) False
  Answer: (a)

Assertion-Reasoning MCQs

(a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.

(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.

(d) A is false, but R is true.

Assertion (A): Women’s representation in India’s legislative bodies is lower than in many developing countries.
Reason (R): India has not yet implemented effective reservation for women in Lok Sabha and State Assemblies.
Answer: (a)
Assertion (A): Caste politics in India has empowered disadvantaged communities like Dalits and OBCs.
Reason (R): The universal adult franchise has brought political awareness among all castes.
Answer: (b)
Assertion (A): India is a secular state.
Reason (R): The Indian Constitution prohibits discrimination on the grounds of religion.
Answer: (a)
Assertion (A): Women face a disadvantage in access to education in India.
Reason (R): Families often prioritize boys’ education over girls’ education due to societal stereotypes.
Answer: (a)
Assertion (A): The caste system in India has been completely eradicated.
Reason (R): The Indian Constitution prohibits caste-based discrimination.
Answer: (d)

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Political Parties

Subtopic: Introduction to Political Parties

What is the primary role of political parties in a democracy?
- (a) To fight elections (b) To form public opinion
- (c) To contest elections and hold power in government (d) To divide society
  Answer: (c)
What are the three components of a political party?
- (a) Leaders, candidates, public (b) Leaders, active members, followers
- (c) Members, voters, supporters (d) Activists, leaders, public
  Answer: (b)

Subtopic: Functions of Political Parties

Which of the following is NOT a function of political parties?
- (a) Contesting elections (b) Running government
- (c) Eliminating judiciary (d) Mobilizing public opinion
  Answer: (c)
In most democracies, elections are contested among candidates fielded by:
- (a) Individuals (b) Political parties (c) Corporations (d) NGOs
  Answer: (b)

Subtopic: Party Systems

India follows which type of party system?
- (a) Single-party system (b) Two-party system (c) Multiparty system (d) No party system
  Answer: (c)
The USA follows which type of party system?
- (a) Single-party system (b) Two-party system
- (c) Multiparty system (d) No party system
  Answer: (b)

Subtopic: National and State Parties

What is the criterion for a party to be recognized as a national party?
- (a) Securing at least 10% votes in elections
- (b) Winning seats in multiple states
- (c) Securing 6% of votes in Lok Sabha or Assembly elections in 4 states and winning 4 seats in Lok Sabha
- (d) Getting 50% of votes in one state
  Answer: (c)
Which of the following is NOT a national party?
- (a) Bharatiya Janata Party (b) Indian National Congress
- (c) Telugu Desam Party (d) Bahujan Samaj Party
  Answer: (c)

Subtopic: Challenges to Political Parties

Which is a major challenge faced by political parties?
- (a) Internal democracy (b) Lack of funds
- (c) Over-regulation by government (d) Decline in voter turnout
  Answer: (a)
Dynastic succession in political parties leads to:
- (a) Strengthening democracy (b) Fair representation
- (c) Unfair advantages to few families (d) Improved policy making
  Answer: (c)

Subtopic: Introduction to Political Parties

What is the primary role of political parties in a democracy?
- (a) To fight elections (b) To form public opinion
- (c) To contest elections and hold power in government (d) To divide society
  Answer: (c)
What are the three components of a political party?
- (a) Leaders, candidates, public (b) Leaders, active members, followers
- (c) Members, voters, supporters (d) Activists, leaders, public
  Answer: (b)
What is the meaning of partisanship?
- (a) Balanced view on an issue (b) Strong commitment to a particular party or group
- (c) Neutral political opinion (d) Complete rejection of political parties
  Answer: (b)
Why do we need political parties in a democracy?
- (a) To resolve conflicts between groups
- (b) To organize diverse opinions into collective policies
- (c) To eliminate opposition in governance
- (d) To promote the monarchy system
  Answer: (b)

Subtopic: Functions of Political Parties

Which of the following is NOT a function of political parties?
- (a) Contesting elections (b) Running government
- (c) Eliminating judiciary (d) Mobilizing public opinion
  Answer: (c)
Political parties help shape public opinion by:
- (a) Raising and highlighting issues (b) Controlling judicial decisions
- (c) Dictating laws without elections (d) Eliminating opposition parties
  Answer: (a)
In a democracy, political parties play the role of opposition by:
- (a) Agreeing with all government policies (b) Criticizing government failures and policies
- (c) Ignoring public issues (d) Forming their own armed forces
  Answer: (b)
Which of these is a significant role of political parties?
- (a) Drafting economic policies independently (b) Supporting only elite groups
- (c) Forming laws in the legislature (d) Replacing the judiciary
  Answer: (c)

Subtopic: Party Systems

India follows which type of party system?
- (a) Single-party system (b) Two-party system (c) Multiparty system (d) No party system
  Answer: (c)
The USA follows which type of party system?
- (a) Single-party system (b) Two-party system (c) Multiparty system (d) No party system
  Answer: (b)
What is an alliance in a multiparty system?
- (a) Cooperation between ruling and opposition parties
- (b) Agreement among several parties to contest elections together
- (c) Merger of all political parties
- (d) Ban on smaller political parties
  Answer: (b)
Which of these systems is least democratic?
- (a) Single-party system (b) Two-party system
- (c) Multiparty system (d) Coalition government
  Answer: (a)

Subtopic: National and State Parties

What is the criterion for a party to be recognized as a national party?
- (a) Securing at least 10% votes in elections
- (b) Winning seats in multiple states
- (c) Securing 6% of votes in Lok Sabha or Assembly elections in 4 states and winning 4 seats in Lok Sabha
- (d) Getting 50% of votes in one state
  Answer: (c)
Which of the following is NOT a national party?
- (a) Bharatiya Janata Party (b) Indian National Congress
- (c) Telugu Desam Party (d) Bahujan Samaj Party
  Answer: (c)
Which party is known for advocating ‘Integral Humanism’?
- (a) Indian National Congress (b) Bharatiya Janata Party
- (c) Bahujan Samaj Party (d) Communist Party of India
  Answer: (b)
Which party represents the interests of Dalits and minorities?
- (a) Communist Party of India (b) Bharatiya Janata Party
- (c) Bahujan Samaj Party (d) Nationalist Congress Party
  Answer: (c)

Subtopic: Challenges to Political Parties

Which is a major challenge faced by political parties?
- (a) Internal democracy (b) Lack of funds
- (c) Over-regulation by government (d) Decline in voter turnout
  Answer: (a)
Dynastic succession in political parties leads to:
- (a) Strengthening democracy (b) Fair representation
- (c) Unfair advantages to few families (d) Improved policy making
  Answer: (c)
How has the role of money and muscle power affected elections?
- (a) Made elections more transparent
- (b) Increased influence of wealthy individuals and criminals
- (c) Promoted clean governance (d) Reduced corruption
  Answer: (b)
What is one way to reform political parties in India?
- (a) Legalizing all party funding (b) Banning elections
- (c) Promoting internal democracy within parties (d) Allowing foreign funding
  Answer: (c)

Subtopic: Challenges to Political Parties

Why do political parties resist reforms?
- (a) They believe reforms will weaken them (b) They do not need reforms
- (c) They fear losing public support (d) They lack proper leadership
  Answer: (a)
What is the role of the Supreme Court in political reforms?
- (a) It supervises election campaigns
- (b) It passed orders to reduce the influence of money and criminals in politics
- (c) It selects candidates for elections
- (d) It provides funds to political parties
  Answer: (b)
Which law was passed to address defection in political parties?
- (a) Anti-Defection Law (b) Election Transparency Act
- (c) Political Accountability Act (d) Parliamentary Conduct Act
  Answer: (a)
One way to ensure greater representation of women in politics is to:
- (a) Ban male candidates (b) Introduce a quota for women in political parties
- (c) Reduce election spending (d) Eliminate dynastic succession
  Answer: (b)
What is a key reform suggested for political funding?
- (a) Privatize funding (b) Allow unlimited foreign donations
- (c) Introduce state funding of elections (d) Ban all election funding
  Answer: (c)

Subtopic: Types of Political Parties

Which of the following is NOT a recognized type of party system?
- (a) Single-party system (b) Two-party system
- (c) Multiparty system (d) Constitutional party system
  Answer: (d)
Which type of political party is specific to a particular region?
- (a) National party (b) Regional party (c) Coalition party (d) Independent party
  Answer: (b)
What differentiates national parties from state parties?
- (a) Their ideology (b) Their geographical influence
- (c) Their number of followers (d) Their funding sources
  Answer: (b)
Which is the first political party from North-East India recognized as a national party?
- (a) Naga People’s Front (b) Asom Gana Parishad
- (c) National People’s Party (NPP) (d) Meghalaya United Alliance
  Answer: (c)
The Bahujan Samaj Party primarily represents:
- (a) Urban elites (b) Marginalized communities and minorities
- (c) Industrialists (d) Bureaucrats
  Answer: (b)

Subtopic: Reforms in Political Parties

Why are internal elections in political parties important?
- (a) To ensure loyalty to the party leader (b) To prevent external influence
- (c) To promote internal democracy (d) To secure more funds for campaigns
  Answer: (c)
How can citizens influence political party reforms?
- (a) By joining political parties (b) By filing petitions and organizing agitations
- (c) Through media pressure (d) All of the above
  Answer: (d)
Which reform is necessary to reduce criminal influence in elections?
- (a) Allow funding by corporations (b) Make affidavit filing mandatory for candidates
- (c) Ban independent candidates (d) Limit the term of party leaders
  Answer: (b)
What is the role of the Election Commission in political reforms?
- (a) To appoint party leaders (b) To regulate organizational elections within parties
- (c) To enforce internal democracy in political parties (d) Both (b) and (c)
  Answer: (d)
Which of these is an example of state funding of elections?
- (a) Providing petrol for campaign vehicles (b) Banning private donations
- (c) Using only government resources for election campaigns
- (d) Allowing unlimited use of public funds
  Answer: (a)

Subtopic: National and State Politics

The Indian National Congress was established in which year?
- (a) 1947 (b) 1951 (c) 1885 (d) 1980
  Answer: (c)
Which party’s philosophy includes Cultural Nationalism and Hindutva?
- (a) Bahujan Samaj Party (b) Bharatiya Janata Party
- (c) Communist Party of India (d) Nationalist Congress Party
  Answer: (b)
The CPI(M) has strong support in which states?
- (a) Rajasthan and Gujarat (b) West Bengal, Kerala, and Tripura
- (c) Maharashtra and Punjab (d) Karnataka and Tamil Nadu
  Answer: (b)
Which party was founded by Kanshi Ram in 1984?
- (a) Nationalist Congress Party (b) Bahujan Samaj Party
- (c) Telugu Desam Party (d) Rashtriya Janata Dal
  Answer: (b)
The National Democratic Alliance (NDA) is led by which political party?
- (a) Indian National Congress (b) Bharatiya Janata Party
- (c) Bahujan Samaj Party (d) Communist Party of India
  Answer: (b)

Subtopic: National and State Politics (Continued)

Which political party was in power in West Bengal for 34 consecutive years?
- (a) Indian National Congress (b) Communist Party of India (Marxist)
- (c) Bharatiya Janata Party (d) Samajwadi Party
  Answer: (b)
The Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) was founded in which year?
- (a) 2010 (b) 2012 (c) 2014 (d) 2016
  Answer: (b)
The Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD) is a regional party primarily active in which state?
- (a) Maharashtra (b) Bihar (c) Uttar Pradesh (d) Gujarat
  Answer: (b)
The Indian National Congress led the government at the center until 1977 and then from:
- (a) 1978 to 1990 (b) 1980 to 1989 (c) 1984 to 1999 (d) 1990 to 2004
  Answer: (b)

Subtopic: Coalition Politics

A coalition government is formed when:
- (a) One party wins the majority of seats
- (b) No single party gets a majority, and multiple parties come together to form a government
- (c) Elections are postponed
- (d) The ruling party dissolves parliament
  Answer: (b)
In India, coalition governments have become common due to:
- (a) The absence of regional parties (b) The decline in the dominance of a single national party
- (c) Increased voter turnout (d) Changes in the judiciary
  Answer: (b)
Which of the following alliances was formed in India for the 2004 parliamentary elections?
- (a) United Progressive Alliance (UPA) (b) National Democratic Alliance (NDA)
- (c) Left Front (d) All of the above
  Answer: (d)

Subtopic: Electoral Reforms

What is one major objective of the Anti-Defection Law?
- (a) Prevent MPs and MLAs from changing parties for personal gain
- (b) Allow multiple defections without penalty
- (c) Promote free switching between parties
- (d) Discourage elections altogether
  Answer: (a)
Affidavit filing by candidates is mandatory for:
- (a) Providing transparency about their assets and criminal cases
- (b) Increasing election expenditure
- (c) Eliminating political parties
- (d) Allowing only the rich to contest elections
  Answer: (a)
Which is NOT a suggested reform for political parties in India?
- (a) State funding of elections (b) Mandatory internal democracy in parties
- (c) Elimination of all political parties (d) Quota for women candidates
  Answer: c

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Outcomes of Democracy

Subtopic: Accountability, Responsiveness, and Legitimacy

What is one key characteristic of a legitimate government?
- (a) It is quick in decision-making (b) It is chosen by the people
- (c) It never faces criticism (d) It ignores public opinion
  Answer: (b)
Why is decision-making in a democracy often slower?
- (a) Due to lack of resources (b) Because it involves deliberation and negotiation
- (c) Due to interference from international agencies (d) Because it lacks transparency
  Answer: (b)
How does democracy ensure accountability?
- (a) By giving rulers absolute powers (b) Through regular, free, and fair elections
- (c) By silencing opposition (d) By quick decision-making
  Answer: (b)
What makes a government responsive in a democracy?
- (a) Transparency and public participation (b) Avoidance of public debates
- (c) Favoring elite groups (d) Ignoring public grievances
  Answer: (a)
What is a common criticism of democratic governments?
- (a) They are inefficient and slow (b) They never follow procedures
- (c) They lack transparency (d) They impose decisions without consent
  Answer: (a)

Subtopic: Economic Growth and Development

How do democracies compare with dictatorships in terms of economic growth over 50 years?
- (a) Democracies have a higher growth rate (b) Dictatorships have a slightly higher growth rate
- (c) Both are equal (d) Democracies are far better
  Answer: (b)
What influences economic development in a democracy?
- (a) Population size and global situation (b) Political ideology
- (c) Military strength (d) Media support
  Answer: (a)
Why is economic development not a guaranteed outcome of democracy?
- (a) Economic priorities vary (b) Lack of leadership
- (c) It focuses on social equality only (d) It avoids industrial development
  Answer: (a)
What is a key advantage of democracy despite slower growth rates?
- (a) It suppresses opposition (b) It considers citizens’ needs and opinions
- (c) It focuses only on global trade (d) It avoids population issues
  Answer: (b)
Which factor is NOT linked to economic development in democracies?
- (a) Population (b) International cooperation
- (c) Military spending (d) Economic priorities
  Answer: (c)

Subtopic: Reduction of Inequality and Poverty

What does democracy aim to achieve regarding wealth distribution?
- (a) Extreme inequality (b) Equal distribution of wealth and opportunities
- (c) Favors for the wealthy (d) Focus only on economic growth
  Answer: (b)
Which country shows high income inequality despite being a democracy?
- (a) Denmark (b) Brazil (c) Hungary (d) Russia
  Answer: (b)
Why do democratically elected governments face criticism regarding poverty?
- (a) They spend too much on education (b) They fail to prioritize poverty reduction
- (c) They focus on social diversity (d) They rely on foreign aid
  Answer: (b)
What does the growing gap between rich and poor indicate?
- (a) Success of democracy (b) Economic inequality persists
- (c) Complete equality has been achieved (d) Development is evenly distributed
  Answer: (b)
Which region demonstrates dependency on richer countries for basic needs?
- (a) Europe (b) South Asia (c) North America (d) Latin America
  Answer: (b)

Subtopic: Accommodation of Social Diversity

How do democracies promote social harmony?
- (a) By suppressing minority voices (b) By respecting differences and negotiating conflicts
- (c) By promoting majority dominance (d) By ignoring diversity
  Answer: (b)
What is a critical condition for accommodating social diversity?
- (a) Rule by a permanent majority (b) Collaboration between majority and minority
- (c) Suppression of dissent (d) Avoiding elections
  Answer: (b)
Which country is an example of successful social diversity accommodation?
- (a) Belgium (b) Sri Lanka (c) Pakistan (d) Bangladesh
  Answer: (a)
What does majority rule mean in democracy?
- (a) Permanent majority dominance (b) Respecting all groups and changing majorities
- (c) Suppressing minority rights (d) Avoiding elections
  Answer: (b)
Why do non-democratic regimes fail to handle social conflicts?
- (a) They avoid negotiations (b) They rely on suppressive tactics
- (c) They lack diversity (d) Both (a) and (b)
  Answer: (d)

Subtopic: Dignity and Freedom of Citizens

Why is democracy superior in promoting dignity and freedom?
- (a) It ensures individual rights and respect (b) It guarantees economic growth
- (c) It eliminates all inequalities (d) It suppresses opposition
  Answer: (a)
Which social group has gained recognition for their rights in India due to democracy?
- (a) Women and disadvantaged castes (b) Business elites
- (c) Military officials (d) Foreign nationals
  Answer: (a)
What strengthens the struggle for equality in democracy?
- (a) Recognition of rights in principle (b) Male dominance
- (c) Suppression of opposition (d) Avoidance of legal systems
  Answer: (a)
How does democracy affect the status of citizens?
- (a) Transforms subjects into active citizens (b) Increases dependency on rulers
- (c) Avoids public criticism (d) Promotes only one group
  Answer: (a)
What is one outcome of democracy’s recognition of individual dignity?
- (a) It suppresses minority rights (b) It empowers social groups to fight for equality
- (c) It increases income disparities (d) It eliminates social participation
  Answer: (b)

Subtopic: Accountability, Responsiveness, and Legitimacy

What is the most important feature of democracy?
- (a) It ensures quick decisions (b) It allows citizens to participate in governance
- (c) It avoids public debates (d) It suppresses opposition
  Answer: (b)
How does democracy ensure transparency in decision-making?
- (a) By avoiding discussions (b) By following established norms and procedures
- (c) By imposing decisions on citizens (d) By relying on military leaders
  Answer: (b)
What makes democracy legitimate even if it is not efficient?
- (a) It is chosen by the people (b) It avoids public criticism
- (c) It allows rulers to decide independently (d) It guarantees economic growth
  Answer: (a)
How does democracy address grievances of citizens?
- (a) By ignoring public opinions (b) Through mechanisms like the Right to Information Act
- (c) By eliminating all public participation (d) By suppressing minority voices
  Answer: (b)
What does the public expression of dissatisfaction in democracy indicate?
- (a) Failure of democracy (b) Success of democracy in empowering citizens
- (c) Avoidance of public issues (d) Suppression of freedom
  Answer: (b)

Subtopic: Economic Growth and Development

Why is economic development not the sole criteria to judge democracy?
- (a) Economic growth is guaranteed in democracies
- (b) It overlooks the social and political outcomes of democracy
- (c) Democracies avoid addressing economic issues
- (d) Dictatorships always perform better
  Answer: (b)
Which of the following is a positive outcome of democracy in terms of development?
- (a) Consideration of citizens’ needs and rights (b) Ignoring global trends
- (c) Avoidance of public debates (d) Favoring only industrial growth
  Answer: (a)
What does the comparison of poor countries under dictatorship and democracy show?
- (a) Dictatorships perform much better
- (b) Democracies perform slightly worse but have other advantages
- (c) Both are equal in performance (d) Poor countries need dictatorship
  Answer: (b)
What factor distinguishes democracies in economic outcomes?
- (a) Fair distribution of resources (b) Suppression of opposition
- (c) Absolute power for rulers (d) Lack of citizen participation
  Answer: (a)
Which is NOT a characteristic of economic growth in democracies?
- (a) Citizen involvement (b) Regular assessment of policies
- (c) Suppression of public debate (d) Focus on long-term benefits
  Answer: (c)

Subtopic: Reduction of Inequality and Poverty

Why do economic inequalities persist in democracies?
- (a) Governments focus only on elites (b) Poorer sections have little access to resources
- (c) Democracies do not allow public participation (d) Governments avoid policy changes
  Answer: (b)
What is a significant challenge for democracies in addressing inequality?
- (a) Failure to recognize poverty (b) Growing income gaps between rich and poor
- (c) Lack of voter participation (d) Ignoring international cooperation
  Answer: (b)
Which group constitutes a large proportion of voters in India?
- (a) Wealthy industrialists (b) Urban elites
- (c) Poor and disadvantaged communities (d) Military personnel
  Answer: (c)
Why do democratically elected governments struggle to reduce poverty?
- (a) Lack of public support (b) Insufficient resources and focus on other priorities
- (c) Avoidance of elections (d) Economic policies favor the poor exclusively
  Answer: (b)
Which type of inequality is most visible in democracies like South Africa?
- (a) Political inequality (b) Economic inequality
- (c) Cultural inequality (d) Technological inequality
  Answer: (b)

Subtopic: Accommodation of Social Diversity

What is the key benefit of democracy in handling social conflicts?
- (a) Suppression of conflicts (b) Evolution of mechanisms to negotiate differences
- (c) Avoidance of decision-making (d) Complete elimination of diversity
  Answer: (b)
What does the rule by majority mean in a democracy?
- (a) Dominance of a permanent group (b) Inclusive decision-making with changing majorities
- (c) Suppression of minority views (d) Elimination of opposition parties
  Answer: (b)
Which is an example of failure to accommodate diversity in democracy?
- (a) Belgium (b) Sri Lanka (c) India (d) Denmark
  Answer: (b)
What ensures that democracy does not become a rule of permanent majority?
- (a) Suppression of diverse views (b) Changing coalitions and inclusive policies
- (c) Elimination of opposition parties (d) Fixed electoral outcomes
  Answer: (b)
Why are non-democratic regimes less successful in resolving social conflicts?
- (a) They rely on force rather than negotiation (b) They lack inclusive policies
- (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) Neither (a) nor (b)
  Answer: (c)

Subtopic: Dignity and Freedom of Citizens

Which principle has strengthened women’s rights in democracy?
- (a) Suppression of opposition (b) Recognition of equality in principle
- (c) Elimination of elections (d) Avoidance of legal protections
  Answer: (b)
How has democracy improved the rights of disadvantaged castes in India?
- (a) Through legal recognition of equality (b) By avoiding public debates
- (c) Through suppression of other groups (d) By eliminating voting rights
  Answer: (a)
What makes people value democratic rights?
- (a) Lack of complaints (b) Awareness and ability to challenge power holders
- (c) Avoidance of elections (d) Fixed policies
  Answer: (b)
Why does democracy continuously face new expectations?
- (a) People demand more benefits over time (b) Governments suppress public grievances
- (c) Citizens avoid political participation (d) Democracy ignores individual needs
  Answer: (a)
What does democracy transform citizens into?
- (a) Passive subjects (b) Active participants in governance
- (c) Supporters of elite rulers (d) Opponents of all policies
  Answer: (b)

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Gender, Religion and Caste

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MCQs-Democratic Politics-II-Class X-Social Science

Important MCQs-Democratic Politics-II-Class 10-Subject-Social Science

Power Sharing

1-10: General Understanding of Power Sharing

11-20: Power Sharing in Belgium

21-30: Majoritarianism in Sri Lanka

31-40: Accommodation in Belgium

41-50: Why Power Sharing is Desirable

What is Federalism?

Key Features of Federalism

Types of Federalism

Federalism in India

Decentralization and Local Governance

Language Policy and Centre-State Relations

Federalism: Features and Types

Indian Federalism

Decentralization and Local Government

Centre-State Relations

Language Policy

I. Gender and Politics

II. Religion and Communalism

III. Caste and Politics

IV. Gender, Religion, and Caste in Democracy

Statement-type MCQs

Assertion-Reasoning MCQs

Subtopic: Introduction to Political Parties

Subtopic: Functions of Political Parties

Subtopic: Party Systems

Subtopic: National and State Parties

Subtopic: Challenges to Political Parties

Subtopic: Introduction to Political Parties

Subtopic: Functions of Political Parties

Subtopic: Party Systems

Subtopic: National and State Parties

Subtopic: Challenges to Political Parties

Subtopic: Challenges to Political Parties

Subtopic: Types of Political Parties

Subtopic: Reforms in Political Parties

Subtopic: National and State Politics

Subtopic: National and State Politics (Continued)

Subtopic: Coalition Politics

Subtopic: Electoral Reforms

Subtopic: Accountability, Responsiveness, and Legitimacy

Subtopic: Economic Growth and Development

Subtopic: Reduction of Inequality and Poverty

Subtopic: Accommodation of Social Diversity

Subtopic: Dignity and Freedom of Citizens

Subtopic: Accountability, Responsiveness, and Legitimacy

Subtopic: Economic Growth and Development

Subtopic: Reduction of Inequality and Poverty

Subtopic: Accommodation of Social Diversity

Subtopic: Dignity and Freedom of Citizens

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