MCQs-ECONOMICS-Class 10-Social Science

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Democratic Politics-II

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Development

Why do different people have different developmental goals?
(a) Because life situations of persons are different
(b) Because people are different
(c) Because development is uniform for everyone
(d) None of the above
Answer: (a) Because life situations of persons are different
Which of the following factors can influence a person’s quality of life besides income?
(a) Equal treatment
(b) Freedom and security
(c) Respect from others
(d) All of the above
Answer: (d) All of the above

Competency: Analyzing and Comparing Indicators

Which of the following is considered a better measure for comparing countries’ development?
(a) Total income
(b) Per capita income
(c) Industrial output
(d) Military expenditure
Answer: (b) Per capita income
What is the infant mortality rate?
(a) The number of children who die before the age of one, per 1000 live births in a year
(b) The number of children who are born underweight
(c) The number of deaths per 1000 adults in a year
(d) The literacy rate of a region
Answer: (a) The number of children who die before the age of one, per 1000 live births in a year
What do the terms “Net Attendance Ratio” and “Literacy Rate” measure?
(a) Income levels of individuals
(b) Educational and attendance rates in schools
(c) Population growth
(d) Healthcare access
Answer: (b) Educational and attendance rates in schools

Competency: Evaluating Developmental Strategies

Why is average income not a sufficient criterion for measuring development?
(a) It does not reflect the equitable distribution of income
(b) It is calculated in a biased manner
(c) It ignores technological development
(d) It only measures industrial development
Answer: (a) It does not reflect the equitable distribution of income
Kerala has a lower per capita income than Haryana but is considered more developed. Why?
(a) Kerala has better health and educational facilities
(b) Kerala has more industries
(c) Kerala has a higher GDP
(d) Kerala has better roads and infrastructure
Answer: (a) Kerala has better health and educational facilities

Competency: Critical Thinking on Sustainability

Which of the following statements is true about sustainable development?
(a) It focuses only on present needs
(b) It balances the use of resources for present and future generations
(c) It aims only to reduce pollution levels
(d) It does not consider economic growth
Answer: (b) It balances the use of resources for present and future generations
What is the main concern regarding overuse of groundwater in India?
(a) High costs of extraction
(b) Permanent depletion of the resource
(c) Decline in agricultural productivity
(d) Lack of proper technology for extraction
Answer: (b) Permanent depletion of the resource
Which resource is considered non-renewable?
(a) Forests
(b) Groundwater
(c) Crude oil
(d) Solar energy
Answer: (c) Crude oil

Sustainability of Development

What makes groundwater a renewable resource?
(a) It is replenished through rainfall and natural processes
(b) It is always available in unlimited quantity
(c) It can be artificially created in labs
(d) It is provided freely by the government
Answer: (a) It is replenished through rainfall and natural processes
What is a major concern for countries like India, which depend heavily on crude oil imports?
(a) Rising production costs of crude oil
(b) Rapid depletion of reserves in oil-producing countries
(c) Limited availability of alternative energy sources
(d) Increasing reliance on solar energy
Answer: (b) Rapid depletion of reserves in oil-producing countries
What does the statement “The Earth has enough resources to meet the needs of all but not enough to satisfy the greed of even one person” emphasize?
(a) The importance of reducing population growth
(b) The need to balance resource use and sustainability
(c) The advantage of technological advancements
(d) The necessity of economic equality
Answer: (b) The need to balance resource use and sustainability

General Understanding (Development Goals and Notions)

What does development generally refer to?
(a) Industrial growth
(b) Fulfillment of aspirations and progress
(c) Political stability
(d) Equal wealth distribution
Answer: (b) Fulfillment of aspirations and progress
Why do people have different notions of development?
(a) Differences in social status
(b) Differences in life situations
(c) Educational background
(d) Population size
Answer: (b) Differences in life situations
What may be development for one person could be _______ for another?
(a) Useful
(b) Harmful
(c) The same
(d) Better
Answer: (b) Harmful
Which of the following is a non-material aspect of development?
(a) High income
(b) Freedom and security
(c) Industrial growth
(d) Availability of goods
Answer: (b) Freedom and security
What is the primary goal of landless rural laborers?
(a) Higher prices for crops
(b) More work days and better wages
(c) Educational facilities abroad
(d) Building industries
Answer: (b) More work days and better wages

Income and Non-Income Goals

Which one is an example of a materialistic goal?
(a) Freedom of speech
(b) Security
(c) Higher wages
(d) Equal treatment
Answer: (c) Higher wages
What does per capita income indicate?
(a) Income per family
(b) Income per person in a country
(c) Total population of a country
(d) Total wealth of a nation
Answer: (b) Income per person in a country
What does “average income” fail to show?
(a) Population size
(b) Employment rate
(c) Distribution of income among people
(d) GDP of a country
Answer: (c) Distribution of income among people
Which of the following is an example of non-material development?
(a) Increase in income
(b) Improved literacy rate
(c) Development of infrastructure
(d) Political freedom
Answer: (d) Political freedom
What is one reason why Kerala is considered more developed than Haryana?
(a) Higher per capita income
(b) Better health and education indicators
(c) Larger industrial base
(d) More natural resources
Answer: (b) Better health and education indicators

Human Development Index (HDI)

Which organization publishes the Human Development Index?
(a) World Bank
(b) United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
(c) World Economic Forum
(d) IMF
Answer: (b) United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
Which of these is NOT part of the HDI?
(a) Per capita income
(b) Life expectancy
(c) Literacy rate
(d) Military expenditure
Answer: (d) Military expenditure
Which neighboring country ranks higher than India in HDI?
(a) Nepal
(b) Sri Lanka
(c) Bangladesh
(d) Pakistan
Answer: (b) Sri Lanka
What is the HDI rank of India as per the 2021-22 report?
(a) 120
(b) 132
(c) 110
(d) 150
Answer: (b) 132
What does life expectancy at birth indicate?
(a) Average lifespan of people in a country
(b) Infant mortality rate
(c) Birth rate of a country
(d) Population growth rate
Answer: (a) Average lifespan of people in a country

Income and Comparisons

Which measure is used by the World Bank to classify countries?
(a) Total population
(b) Per capita income
(c) GDP growth rate
(d) Industrial output
Answer: (b) Per capita income
Which country is an example of a low-income country according to the World Bank?
(a) India
(b) Sri Lanka
(c) USA
(d) Bangladesh
Answer: (d) Bangladesh
India is classified as a ______ income country.
(a) High
(b) Upper-middle
(c) Low-middle
(d) Low
Answer: (c) Low-middle
What is the per capita income threshold for high-income countries?
(a) $12,000
(b) $25,000
(c) $49,300
(d) $2,500
Answer: (c) $49,300
Which of these is a drawback of using per capita income to measure development?
(a) It reflects wealth distribution
(b) It measures environmental degradation
(c) It does not consider disparities within income distribution
(d) It includes non-economic aspects
Answer: (c) It does not consider disparities within income distribution

Public Facilities

What explains Kerala’s low infant mortality rate?
(a) High per capita income
(b) Availability of basic health and educational facilities
(c) Industrialization
(d) Low population density
Answer: (b) Availability of basic health and educational facilities
Why are public facilities important for development?
(a) They increase employment
(b) They are cheap for individuals
(c) They ensure equitable access to resources and services
(d) They generate government revenue
Answer: (c) They ensure equitable access to resources and services
What is infant mortality rate (IMR)?
(a) The number of children dying before the age of one per 1,000 live births
(b) The number of children born unhealthy per year
(c) The death rate of adults in a region
(d) The number of children not attending school
Answer: (a) The number of children dying before the age of one per 1,000 live births
Which of the following is NOT an example of a public facility?
(a) Public transport
(b) Private schools
(c) Healthcare centers
(d) Roads and bridges
Answer: (b) Private schools
What is the literacy rate of Kerala according to the text?
(a) 50%
(b) 82%
(c) 94%
(d) 61%
Answer: (c) 94%

Sustainability and Resources

What does sustainability mean in the context of development?
(a) Rapid industrial growth
(b) Use of resources in a way that they are available for future generations
(c) Using all natural resources immediately
(d) Prioritizing economic growth over the environment
Answer: (b) Use of resources in a way that they are available for future generations
What is a major concern about groundwater usage in India?
(a) It is polluted in all areas
(b) It is overused in many regions
(c) It is not used in agriculture
(d) It is too expensive to extract
Answer: (b) It is overused in many regions
Which of the following is a non-renewable resource?
(a) Forests
(b) Groundwater
(c) Solar energy
(d) Crude oil
Answer: (d) Crude oil
What will likely happen if crude oil prices increase?
(a) Global economic stability
(b) Higher costs for oil-importing countries
(c) Reduction in renewable energy usage
(d) Increase in oil production
Answer: (b) Higher costs for oil-importing countries
What percentage of crude oil reserves will last 50 years according to the data?
(a) 70%
(b) 50%
(c) 30%
(d) 90%
Answer: (b) 50%

Sustainability and Resources (continued)

What does the statement “We have borrowed the Earth from our children” signify?
(a) Conservation is unnecessary
(b) Development must prioritize the future
(c) Earth belongs to the present generation
(d) Development is not sustainable
Answer: (b) Development must prioritize the future
What is a primary reason for the exhaustion of natural resources like crude oil?
(a) Limited extraction technology
(b) Overuse and lack of conservation
(c) Lack of demand for such resources
(d) Natural disasters
Answer: (b) Overuse and lack of conservation
Why is development considered unsustainable in some cases?
(a) Resources are replenished too quickly
(b) Overuse of resources affects future generations
(c) It always leads to equality
(d) It ensures long-term growth
Answer: (b) Overuse of resources affects future generations
Which region in India is most prone to groundwater overuse?
(a) North-East
(b) Punjab and Western Uttar Pradesh
(c) Kerala
(d) Rajasthan and Gujarat
Answer: (b) Punjab and Western Uttar Pradesh
What is an example of a renewable resource?
(a) Solar energy
(b) Coal
(c) Crude oil
(d) Natural gas
Answer: (a) Solar energy

Data and Comparisons

What does “Net Attendance Ratio” measure?
(a) Proportion of children attending school out of total children in the same age group
(b) Total number of schools in a region
(c) Ratio of male to female students in schools
(d) Dropout rates of students
Answer: (a) Proportion of children attending school out of total children in the same age group
Which state has the lowest literacy rate as per the given data?
(a) Haryana
(b) Kerala
(c) Bihar
(d) Uttar Pradesh
Answer: (c) Bihar
Which of the following is the correct infant mortality rate (IMR) for Haryana?
(a) 7 per 1,000 live births
(b) 30 per 1,000 live births
(c) 50 per 1,000 live births
(d) 100 per 1,000 live births
Answer: (b) 30 per 1,000 live births
Which state has the highest per capita income according to the data?
(a) Bihar
(b) Haryana
(c) Kerala
(d) Uttar Pradesh
Answer: (b) Haryana
What is the literacy rate for rural males in Uttar Pradesh?
(a) 76%
(b) 90%
(c) 54%
(d) 85%
Answer: (a) 76%

Practical Scenarios

If average income in a country increases, does it guarantee better living conditions for everyone?
(a) Yes, because wealth is evenly distributed
(b) No, because income distribution may still be unequal
(c) Yes, because GDP reflects all aspects of development
(d) No, because it lowers population growth
Answer: (b) No, because income distribution may still be unequal
What can governments do to promote sustainability?
(a) Increase industrial production without environmental checks
(b) Promote renewable energy and efficient resource use
(c) Ban all use of natural resources
(d) Focus only on economic growth
Answer: (b) Promote renewable energy and efficient resource use
What is the main development goal for an urban unemployed youth?
(a) Political freedom
(b) Job opportunities and income security
(c) Agricultural subsidies
(d) Quality education
Answer: (b) Job opportunities and income security
Why might some countries with low per capita income have better human development indicators?
(a) Focus on health and education systems
(b) Higher GDP growth rates
(c) Larger population size
(d) More industrialization
Answer: (a) Focus on health and education systems
Which of these reflects collective provision of resources?
(a) Private schools
(b) Public healthcare systems
(c) Individual water filtration systems
(d) Private electricity generators
Answer: (b) Public healthcare systems

Critical Thinking and Concepts

Which of the following development goals might conflict with industrial development?
(a) Better infrastructure
(b) Building dams for electricity
(c) Protection of tribal land
(d) Increase in exports
Answer: (c) Protection of tribal land
What is one example of a public facility that ensures better health outcomes?
(a) Community healthcare centers
(b) Private gyms
(c) Shopping malls
(d) Personal air purifiers
Answer: (a) Community healthcare centers
How does equitable income distribution benefit a society?
(a) Ensures no one is extremely poor
(b) Increases GDP
(c) Reduces population growth
(d) Decreases literacy rates
Answer: (a) Ensures no one is extremely poor
What should be prioritized to ensure a safe environment for women at work?
(a) Higher wages for women
(b) Respect and equal treatment
(c) Job opportunities abroad
(d) Reduction of infant mortality rates
Answer: (b) Respect and equal treatment
What can be inferred from Kerala’s achievements in development?
(a) Economic growth ensures development
(b) Non-income goals like health and education are equally important
(c) Development is solely income-based
(d) High population density hampers development
Answer: (b) Non-income goals like health and education are equally important

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