NCERT Solutions:The Value of Work-Class8-Social Science

Questions, activities and projects

1. How are economic activities different from non-economic activities?

Economic activities involve earning money or creating goods and services of monetary value. Examples include a farmer selling crops, a teacher earning a salary, or a carpenter making furniture for sale.

Non-economic activities are done out of love, care, or a sense of responsibility and do not involve payment. Examples include cooking for the family, taking care of grandparents, or teaching children for free.

Both types of activities are important—economic ones support livelihoods, while non-economic ones contribute to emotional and social well-being​​.

2. What kind of economic activities do people engage in? Illustrate with examples.

People engage in various economic activities to earn a living:

• Agriculture: Farmers grow and sell crops like wheat or rice.
• Manufacturing: Workers in factories make goods like clothes or cars.
• Services: Teachers educate students for a salary, and doctors treat patients for a fee.
• Business: Shopkeepers sell products to customers.

For example, a farmer may grow mangoes and sell them in the market, or a truck driver earns money by transporting goods​​.

3. There is great value attached to people who are engaged in community service activities. Comment on this statement.

Community service activities like cleaning streets, planting trees, or running free kitchens (langars) hold immense value. These activities improve the quality of life, promote cleanliness, and foster a sense of togetherness.

For instance, the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan encourages collective efforts to keep public places clean. Similarly, the Van Mahotsav tree plantation drive helps the environment. Even though these actions do not involve payment, they contribute to the welfare of society​​.

4. What are the various ways in which people are compensated for various economic activities? Give some examples.

Compensation for economic activities can be in different forms:

• Salary: A teacher or a post office worker is paid monthly for their job.
• Wages: Farm laborers are paid daily or weekly.
• Payment in Kind: Sometimes, people receive goods instead of money, like a farmer being paid with mangoes for working on a farm.
• Profits: Business owners earn profits from selling products.

For example, a carpenter sells a chair for ₹1,000, earning ₹400 as his profit after costs​​.

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The Value of Work