Class 9 Geography Chapter 2: Shaping the Earth's Surface Objective Questions with Answers
Multiple Choice Questions:
1. Which theory explains the moment of the Earth’s crust?
a) Theory of relativity
b) Plate tactonics
c) Big Bang Theory
d) Theory of evolution
2. Who gave the theory of plate tectonics?
a) W. J Morgan
b) Alfred Wagner
c) Charles Darwin
d) Newton
3. What are tectonic plates?
a) Rivers flowing on the Earth surface
b) Layers of the atmosphere
c) Large and small pieces of the earth’s outer layer
d) underground water
4. Which layer lies below the crust and helps plates move slowly?
a) Atmosphere
b) semi molton layer
c) hydrosphere
d) biosphere
5. Which are the 3 main layers of the Earth?
a) crust, mental core
b) soil, water, air
c) mountains, plains, plateus
d) rivers, glaciers and winds
6. What causes conviction currents in the mental?
a) heat from the Earth core
b) rainfall on mountains
c) wind moment
d) ocean tights
7. What happens at the convergent plate boundary?
a) Plates move away from each other
b) Plates slide past each other
c) Plates move towards each other
d) Plates stop moving completely
8. Which landform may form when two continental platess collide?
a) fold mountain
b) beach
c) delta
d) sand dunes
9. What happens at the divergent plate boundary?
a) Plates move towards each other
b) Plates move away from each other
c)Plate disappear
d) Plates remain fixed,
10. which feature is commonly formed at divergent boundaries?
a) Mid- ocean ridge
b) sea stack
c) oxbow lake
d) Moraine
11. What happens at the transform boundary?
a) plates move apart
b) plates collide strongly
c) plates slide past each other
d) plates dissolve in magua
12. Which reagion is known for many active volcanoes and Earthquakes?
a) Thar desert
b) Pecific ring of fire
c) Amazon basin
d) Sahara dessert?
More:
13. What is weathering?
a) carrying soil from one place to another
b) breaking down of rocks at the same place
c) formation of clouds
d) moment of tectonic plates,
14. Which type of weathering occurs due to heating, cooling, water, wind and ice expansion?
a) chemical weathering
b) physical weathering
c) biological weathering
d) coastal weathering
15. Which weathering changes the chemical composition of rocks?
a) physical weathering
b) wind weathering
c) chemical weather
d) glacial weathering
16. Plant roots widening cracks in rocks is an example of:
a) biological weathering
b) chemical weathering
c) coastal erosion
d) deposition.
17. What is eroson?
a) breaking rocks without movement
b) wearing away and removal of rock and soil
c) cooling of magma
d) formation of tectonic plates,
18. Which process includes erosion, transportation and disposition?
a) gradition
b) rotation
c) evaporation
d) condensation
19. Which of the following is an agent of gradition?
a) constant water
b) running water
c) photosynthesis
d) compass
20. In which course of a river are waterfalls generally formed?
a) upper course
b) middle course
c) lower course
d) delta region only.
MORE MCQs:
21. Which landform is formed when a river flows over a steep cliff or vertical drop?
a) Meander
b) Waterfall
c) Delta
d) Beach
22. Which landform is a winding bend of a river?
a) Sea arch
b) Meander
c) Moraine
d) Yardang
23. Which river feature is formed at the mouth of a river due to deposition?
a) Delta
b) Cirque
c) Cave
d) Deflation hollow
24. What are small channels of a river near its mouth called?
a) Tributaries
b) Distributaries
c) Glaciers
d) Stalactites
25. What do sea waves mainly do along coastlines?
a) Freeze rivers
b) Reshape coastlines through erosion and deposition
c) Form glaciers
d) Create tectonic plates
26. Which coastal landform is a steep rock face along the coast?
a) Sea cliff
b) Delta
c) Cirque
d) Oasis
27. Which landform forms when sea caves cut through a headland?
a) Sea arch
b) Ox bow lake
c) Glacier
d) Barchan
28. What remains after the roof of a sea arch collapses?
a) Sea stack
b) Delta
c) Levee
d) Floodplain
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29. Which landform is formed by glaciers?
a) U-shaped valley
b) Sand dune
c) Beach
d) Meander
30. What is a moraine?
a) Deposit of rocks, soil and debris carried by glaciers
b) A river bend
c) A coastal cave
d) A desert wind
31. Which moraine forms at the sides of a glacier?
a) Terminal moraine
b) Medial moraine
c) Lateral moraine
d) Coastal moraine
32. Which landform is created by wind erosion in deserts?
a) Yardang
b) Sea arch
c) Delta
d) Cirque
33. Which type of dune is crescent-shaped?
a) Star dune
b) Barchan dune
c) Transverse dune
d) Parabolic dune
34. Which landform is formed when acidic underground water dissolves limestone?
a) Cave
b) Delta
c) Glacier
d) Sea cliff
35. What does GLOF stand for?
a) Great Land Ocean Flow
b) Glacial Lake Outburst Flood
c) Ground Level Ocean Formation
d) Glacier Landform Open Flow
State whether True or False:
1. The Earth’s surface is constantly changing.
2. Internal forces include weathering, erosion and deposition.
3. The lithosphere is broken into large and small tectonic plates.
4. Convection currents help in the movement of tectonic plates.
5. At divergent boundaries, plates move towards each other.
6. Weathering involves transportation of broken material.
7. Erosion removes and transports weathered material.
8. Deltas are commonly formed in the upper course of a river.
9. Glaciers carve U-shaped valleys.
10. Landslides commonly occur on steep and unstable slopes.
Assertion–Reason Questions:
Options for all questions:
a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is true, but R is false.
d) A is false, but R is true.
1. Assertion (A): Tectonic plates move slowly over the semi-molten layer beneath them.
Reason (R): Convection currents in the mantle push and pull plates in different directions.
2. Assertion (A): Most earthquakes and volcanoes occur near plate boundaries.
Reason (R): Plate boundaries are zones where plates collide, move apart or slide past each other.
3. Assertion (A): Weathering and erosion are exactly the same process.
Reason (R): Weathering breaks rocks in place, while erosion removes and transports material.
4. Assertion (A): Physical weathering changes the chemical composition of rocks.
Reason (R): Chemical weathering involves reaction of minerals with water, air or acids.
5. Assertion (A): Waterfalls are commonly formed in the upper course of rivers.
Reason (R): The upper course has steep gradients and strong erosive power.
6. Assertion (A): Deltas are fertile and useful for agriculture.
Reason (R): Rivers deposit large amounts of alluvial sediments near their mouths.
7. Assertion (A): Fjords are formed by wind erosion in deserts.
Reason (R): Fjords are deep coastal inlets formed when seawater enters glacial valleys.
8. Assertion (A): Deforestation can increase the risk of landslides.
Reason (R): Vegetation helps bind soil on slopes.
Fill in the Blanks:
1. The theory of plate tectonics mentioned in the chapter was given by __________.
2. The three main layers of the Earth are crust, mantle and __________.
3. The crust and upper mantle together form the __________.
4. The movement of plates is caused by __________ currents in the mantle.
5. At a __________ boundary, plates move away from each other.
6. The breaking down of rocks at the same place is called __________.
7. The wearing away and removal of rock and soil is called __________.
8. A winding bend in a river is called a __________.
9. A crescent-shaped dune is called a __________ dune.
10. A sudden downward movement of rock, soil and debris is called a __________.
Match the Following:
Column A | Column B |
1. Convergent boundary | i. Plates slide past each other |
2. Divergent boundary | ii. Plates move towards each other |
3. Transform boundary | iii. Plates move away from each other |
4. Pacific Ring of Fire | iv. Earthquake and volcano-prone region |
Options:
a) 1–ii, 2–iii, 3–i, 4–iv
b) 1–iii, 2–ii, 3–iv, 4–i
c) 1–i, 2–iv, 3–iii, 4–ii
d) 1–iv, 2–i, 3–ii, 4–iii
Match the Following:
Column A | Column B |
1. Physical weathering | i. Plant roots and animals |
2. Chemical weathering | ii. Wearing away and carrying material |
3. Biological weathering | iii. Heating, cooling and frost action |
4. Erosion | iv. Reaction with water, air or acids |
Options:
a) 1–iii, 2–iv, 3–i, 4–ii
b) 1–iv, 2–iii, 3–ii, 4–i
c) 1–i, 2–ii, 3–iii, 4–iv
d) 1–ii, 2–i, 3–iv, 4–iii
Match the Following:
Column A | Column B |
1. Upper course | i. Deltas and distributaries |
2. Middle course | ii. Waterfalls and V-shaped valleys |
3. Lower course | iii. Meanders and oxbow lakes |
4. River mouth | iv. Heavy deposition of sediments |
Options:
a) 1–ii, 2–iii, 3–i, 4–iv
b) 1–iii, 2–ii, 3–iv, 4–i
c) 1–i, 2–iv, 3–ii, 4–iii
d) 1–iv, 2–i, 3–iii, 4–ii
2 More:
Match the Following :
Column A | Column B |
1. Sea cliff | i. Bowl-shaped hollow at head of glacier |
2. Sea arch | ii. Steep rock face along coast |
3. Cirque | iii. Bridge-like feature through a headland |
4. Moraine | iv. Deposits carried by glacier |
Options:
a) 1–ii, 2–iii, 3–i, 4–iv
b) 1–iii, 2–iv, 3–ii, 4–i
c) 1–i, 2–ii, 3–iv, 4–iii
d) 1–iv, 2–i, 3–iii, 4–ii
Match the Following:
Column A | Column B |
1. Landslide | i. Strong winds lifting loose soil and sand |
2. Avalanche | ii. Sudden escape of water from a glacial lake |
3. Dust storm | iii. Sudden movement of rock, soil and debris down a slope |
4. GLOF | iv. Rapid movement of snow down a mountain slope |
Options:
a) 1–iii, 2–iv, 3–i, 4–ii
b) 1–iv, 2–iii, 3–ii, 4–i
c) 1–i, 2–ii, 3–iv, 4–iii
d) 1–ii, 2–i, 3–iii, 4–iv
Answer Key:
MCQs
1-B, 2-A, 3-C, 4-B, 5-A, 6-A, 7-C, 8-A, 9-B, 10-A,
11-C, 12-B, 13-B, 14-B, 15-C, 16-A, 17-B, 18-A, 19-B, 20-A,
21-B, 22-B, 23-A, 24-B, 25-B, 26-A, 27-A, 28-A, 29-A, 30-A,
31-C, 32-A, 33-B, 34-A, 35-B
True / False:
1-T, 2-F, 3-T, 4-T, 5-F, 6-F, 7-T, 8-F, 9-T, 10-T
Assertion–Reason:
1-A, 2-A, 3-D, 4-D, 5-A, 6-A, 7-D, 8-A
Fill in the Blanks:
- W.J. Morgan
- core
- lithosphere
- convection
- divergent
- weathering
- erosion
- meander
- barchan
- landslide
To Learn More Click Below:
MCQs:
Chapter 1- Social Science: Meaning, Scope and Importance
Chapter 2- Shaping the Earth’s Surface
Chapter 3- Atmosphere and Climate
Chapter 4-
Chapter 5-
Chapter 6-
Chapter 7-
Chapter 8-
Chapter 9-
NCERT Solutions(Exercise Questions)
Chapter 1- Social Science: Meaning, Scope and Importance
Chapter 2- Shaping the Earth’s Surface
Chapter 3- Atmosphere and Climate
Chapter 4-
Chapter 5-
Chapter 6-
Chapter 7-
Chapter 8-
Chapter 9-